Oligodendrocytes – Just Now

by Yan Gao on July 1, 2022 at 10:00 am

Stem cells serve as an ideal source of tissue regeneration therapy because of their high stemness properties and regenerative activities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered an excellent source of stem cell therapy because MSCs can be easily obtained without ethical concern and can differentiate into most types of cells in the human body. We prepared cell culture materials combined with synthetic polymeric materials of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl acrylate (PN) and extracellular…

by Chuxin Huang on July 1, 2022 at 10:00 am

CONCLUSION: The proposed novel transformer-based model showed desirable performance in the differentiation of MS, AQP4+ NMOSD, and MOGAD on brain and spinal cord MRI, which is comparable to that of neuroradiologists. Our model is thus applicable for interpretating conventional MRI in the differential diagnosis of demyelinating diseases with overlapping lesions.

by Guoqiang Yang on June 30, 2022 at 10:00 am

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a common lethal subtype of stroke accounting for nearly 10-15% of the total stroke disease and affecting two million people worldwide, has a high mortality and disability rate and, thus, a major socioeconomic burden. However, there is no effective treatment available currently. The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine is well known owing to the simplicity of acquisition from various sources, low immunogenicity, adaptation to the autogenic…

by Sònia Sirisi on June 29, 2022 at 10:00 am

The most frequent genetic cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9orf72. An important neuropathological hallmark associated with this mutation is the accumulation of the phosphorylated form of TAR (trans-activation response element) DNA-binding protein 43 (pTDP-43). Glia plays a crucial role in the neurodegeneration observed in C9orf72-associated disorders. However, less is known about the role of…

by Anthony Fernández-Castañeda on June 29, 2022 at 10:00 am

COVID survivors frequently experience lingering neurological symptoms that resemble cancer-therapy-related cognitive impairment, a syndrome for which white matter microglial reactivity and consequent neural dysregulation is central. Here, we explored the neurobiological effects of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection and found white-matter-selective microglial reactivity in mice and humans. Following mild respiratory COVID in mice, persistently impaired hippocampal neurogenesis, decreased…

by Wan Wang on June 29, 2022 at 10:00 am

No abstract

by Elena A Demeter on June 28, 2022 at 10:00 am

Ependymoma, one of the most common gliomas in cats, occurs most often in the lateral and third ventricles and has variable histologic patterns that often form rosettes and pseudorosettes. Oligodendrocyte transcription factor (OLIG2) is expressed in oligodendrocyte precursor cells and mature oligodendrocytes. Although widely used as a diagnostic marker for most gliomas, OLIG2 is reported to have minimal immunolabeling in ependymomas. Here we characterize the OLIG2 immunolabeling pattern in 19…

by Cui Liu on June 28, 2022 at 10:00 am

Ischemic stroke, which accounts for nearly 80% of all strokes, leads to white matter injury and neurobehavioral dysfunction, but relevant therapies to inhibit demyelination or promote remyelination after white matter injury are still unavailable. In this study, the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro were used to establish the ischemic models. We found that Eph receptor A4 (EphA4) had no effect on the…

by Zhe-Lan Huang on June 28, 2022 at 10:00 am

Leukodystrophy (LD) is a group of genetic heterogeneous diseases characterized by primary abnormalities in glial cells and myelin sheath, and it is a common nervous system disease in children and has significant genotype-phenotype correlation. In recent years, the improvement in high-throughput sequencing has changed the diagnostic and therapeutic mode of LD, and elaborative phenotype analysis, such as the collection of natural history and multimodal neuroimaging evaluation during development,…

by Yohei Hokama on June 28, 2022 at 10:00 am

CONCLUSIONS: The method for therapy and diagnosis of hippocampal function we developed can be applicable to the patients received cranial radiation to restore the cognitive decline. The monitoring can be followed during the therapy that production of new neurons by which ability of pattern separation is increased, then recovery of pattern completion, followed by new score elevation.

by Jasmin Steudler on June 28, 2022 at 10:00 am

Oligodendrocytes (ODCs) are myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS) supporting neuronal survival. Oxidants and mitochondrial dysfunction have been suggested as the main causes of ODC damage during neuroinflammation as observed in multiple sclerosis (MS). Nonetheless, the dynamics of this process remain unclear, thus hindering the design of neuroprotective therapeutic strategies. To decipher the spatio-temporal pattern of oxidative damage and dysfunction of ODC mitochondria in vivo,…

by Jiajun Wang on June 28, 2022 at 10:00 am

CONCLUSION: Optic neuritis is a potential adverse effect after vaccination against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

by Zhong-Min Dai on June 27, 2022 at 10:00 am

Thyroid hormone controls the timely differentiation of oligodendrocytes (OLs), and its deficiency can delay myelin development and cause mental retardation. Previous studies showed that the active thyroid hormone T3 is converted from its prohormone T4 by the selenoprotein DIO2, whose mRNA is primarily expressed in astrocytes in the central nervous system. In the present study, we discovered that SECISBP2L is highly expressed in differentiating OLs and is required for DIO2 translation….

by Mor Kenigsbuch on June 27, 2022 at 10:00 am

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease, perturbing neuronal and non-neuronal cell populations. In this study, using single-cell transcriptomics, we mapped all non-immune, non-neuronal cell populations in wild-type and AD model (5xFAD) mouse brains. We identified an oligodendrocyte state that increased in association with brain pathology, which we termed disease-associated oligodendrocytes (DOLs). In a murine model of amyloidosis, DOLs appear long after plaque…

on June 27, 2022 at 10:00 am

No abstract