- Plasma exosomes impair microglial degradation of α-synuclein through V-ATPase subunit V1G1by Yunna Li on May 4, 2024 at 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: Pathogenic protein accumulation is a key feature of PD, and compromised V-type ATPase dysfunction might participate in PD pathogenesis. Moreover, V1G1 overexpression protects against neuronal toxicity in an MPTP-based PD mouse model, which may provide opportunities to develop novel therapeutic interventions for PD treatment.
- Integrated analysis of single cell-RNA sequencing and Mendelian randomization identifies lactate dehydrogenase B as a target of melatonin in ischemic strokeby Fei Shi on May 4, 2024 at 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: Our study identifies LDHB as a novel biomarker for ischemic stroke via combining the sc RNA-seq and MR analysis.
- CWAS-Plus: Estimating category-wide association of rare noncoding variation from whole-genome sequencing data with cell-type-specific functional databy Yujin Kim on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Variants in cis-regulatory elements link the noncoding genome to human brain pathology; however, detailed analytic tools for understanding the association between cell-level brain pathology and noncoding variants are lacking. CWAS-Plus, adapted from a Python package for category-wide association testing (CWAS) employs both whole-genome sequencing and user-provided functional data to enhance noncoding variant analysis, with a faster and more efficient execution of the CWAS workflow. Here, we used…
- Propionic acid ameliorates cognitive function through immunomodulatory effects on Th17 cells in perioperative neurocognitive disordersby Hong-Yu Dai on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: PA pretreatment results in reduced postoperative neuroinflammation and improved cognitive function, potentially attributed to the regulatory effects of PA on Th17-mediated immune responses.
- Emerging evidence of context-dependent synapse elimination by phagocytes in the CNSby Fang-Shuai Shen on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Precise synapse elimination is essential for the establishment of a fully developed neural circuit during brain development and higher function in adult brain. Beyond immune and nutrition support, recent groundbreaking studies have revealed that phagocytic microglia and astrocytes can actively and selectively eliminate synapses in normal and diseased brains, thereby mediating synapse loss and maintaining circuit homeostasis. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the mechanisms of synapse…
- An Amino Acids and Dipeptide Injection Inhibits the TNF-α/HMGB1 Inflammatory Signaling Pathway to Reduce Pyroptosis and M1 Microglial Polarization in POCD Mice: the Gut to the Brainby Yelong Ji on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Peripheral surgery-induced neural inflammation is a key pathogenic mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). However, the mechanism underlying neuroinflammation and associated neural injury remains elusive. Surgery itself can lead to gut damage, and the occurrence of POCD is accompanied by high levels of TNF-α in the serum and blood‒brain barrier (BBB) damage. Reductions in stress, inflammation and protein loss have been emphasized as strategies for enhanced recovery after surgery…
- Retraction: Improved cognition impairment by activating cannabinoid receptor type 2: Modulating CREB/BDNF expression and impeding TLR-4/NFkappaBp65/M1 microglia signaling pathway in D-galactose-injected ovariectomized ratsby PLOS ONE Editors on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
No abstract
- cGAS/STING signaling pathway-mediated microglial activation in the PFC underlies chronic ethanol exposure-induced anxiety-like behaviors in miceby Wei Zhao on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Chronic ethanol consumption is a prevalent condition in contemporary society and exacerbates anxiety symptoms in healthy individuals. The activation of microglia, leading to neuroinflammatory responses, may serve as a significant precipitating factor; however, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. In this study, we initially confirmed that chronic ethanol exposure (CEE) induces anxiety-like behaviors in mice through open field test and elevated plus maze…
- Curcumin-primed olfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced neuronal PANoptosis by modulating microglial polarizationby Ziwei Lan on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: This results provide the first demonstration of the existence of PANoptotic neuronal death in cerebral I/R conditions. Curcumin preconditioning enhanced the ameliorating effect of OM-MSCs on neuroinflammation mediated by microglia polarization via upregulating the abundance of miRNA-423-5p. This intervention effectively alleviates PANoptotic neuronal death resulting from cerebral I/R. The combination of curcumin with OM-MSCs holds promise as a potentially efficacious treatment for…
- Microglial CMPK2 promotes neuroinflammation and brain injury after ischemic strokeby Xin Guan on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in ischemic injury, which can be promoted by oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA). Cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2) regulates mtDNA replication, but its role in neuroinflammation and ischemic injury remains unknown. Here, we report that CMPK2 expression is upregulated in monocytes/macrophages and microglia post-stroke in humans and mice, respectively. Microglia/macrophage CMPK2 knockdown using the Cre recombination-dependent…
- Sex-specific and cell-specific regulation of ER stress and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury in juvenile miceby Amanda Ghannam on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and neuroinflammation play an important role in secondary brain damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Due to the complex brain cytoarchitecture, multiple cell types are affected by TBI. However, cell type-specific and sex-specific responses to ER stress and neuroinflammation remain unclear. Here we investigated differential regulation of ER stress and neuroinflammatory pathways in neurons and microglia during the acute phase post-injury in a mouse model of…
- Interleukin-33 ameliorates perioperative neurocognitive disorders by modulating microglial stateby Di Yang on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are cognitive dysfunctions that usually occur in elderly patients after anesthesia and surgery. Microglial overactivation is a key underlying mechanism. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family that orchestrates microglial function. In the present study, we explored how IL-33, which regulates microglia, contributes to cognitive improvement in a male mouse model of PND. An exploratory laparotomy was performed to establish a PND model. The…
- Remimazolam inhibits postoperative cognitive impairment after cardiopulmonary bypass by alleviating neuroinflammation and promoting microglia M2 polarizationby Tao Wen on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Postoperative cognitive impairment (POCD) is a complication of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Remimazolam is an ultra-short acting benzodiazepine that can be used for anesthesia or sedation during surgery. This study investigated the role of remimazolam in inflammasome activation and microglia polarization using CPB rat model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglia model. The cognitive function of rats was evaluated by Morris water maze. TUNEL assay was performed to detect apoptosis….
- Forward programming human pluripotent stem cells into microgliaby Júlia Csatári on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
Microglia play vital roles in embryonic and post-natal development, homeostasis, and pathogen defence in the central nervous system. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based methods have emerged as an important source for the study of human microglia in vitro. Classical approaches to differentiate hiPSCs into microglia suffer from limitations including extended culture periods, consistency, and efficiency. More recently, forward programming has arisen as a promising alternative for the…
- Ischemic stroke outcome after promoting CD4+CD25+ Treg cell migration through CCR4 overexpression in a tMCAO animal modelby Seowoo Lee on May 3, 2024 at 10:00 am
The importance of neuroinflammation during the ischemic stroke has been extensively studied. The role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells during the recovery phase have shown infarct size reduction and functional improvement, possibly through the mitigation of inflammatory immune responses. We aimed to investigate the molecular factors involved in microglia-Treg cell communication that result in Treg trafficking. First, we observed the migration patterns of CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells and Treg…